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       Oftentimes you may sit there and wonder, what ever happened to that ride I loved? Or, what ever happened to that ride that never made it off the drawing boards? Or perhaps, what exactly does all of that jargon translate to? The Special Listings is your place for all of the answers. This is the master section containing listings compiled over the courses of many years covering all of the unique topics such as which rides have been painted which colors and which rides opened on which days of the year. For all of your unique questions, these are your unique answer listings!

- [Roller] Coaster- A thrill ride with one or more vehicles running along a track. Must abide to atleast seven out of eight of the following rules:
1. Must use wheels to ride on one or more track rails for the majority of the ride.
2. Track must be made of a material such as wood or steel.
3. Majority of the track must be stationary.
4. Must not be continuously powered. The majority of the ride must rely on gravity only to complete the course.
5. Must have noticeable changes in speed during the ride.
6. Track layout must contain noticeable changes in elevation, with vertical curvature at some point during the ride.
7. Track layout must not be completely circular.
8. Must not use freefall as the sole focus of the thrillride experience.

First ride: L.A. Thompson Switchback Railway, Coney Island; 1884

- Dark Ride- An enclosed ride taking place in darkness, with heavy theming and a storyline as a major aspect of the experience.

First ride: N/A

- Flat / Spinning Ride- A stationary ride that moves around one or more axis.

First ride: N/A

- Interactive Ride- A ride which gives passengers the ability to control one or more aspect of the experience.

First ride: N/A

- Vertical [Freefall] Ride- A non-coaster thrillride which takes passengers straight up and down.

First ride: N/A

- Water Ride- A ride with vehicles riding in and being propelled by water, or one which uses water to frequently soak passengers during the ride.

First ride: N/A

Size Definitions (Excludes shuttle coasters) -

- Kiddie Coaster- 0-19' / 0-6m at highest point of track, or featuring an equally-sized drop

First ride: N/A

- Junior Coaster- 20-29' / 6-9m at highest point of track, or featuring an equally-sized drop

First ride: N/A

- Family Coaster- 30-49' / 9-15m at highest point of track, or featuring an equally-sized drop

First ride: N/A

- Major Coaster- At least intermediate-sized

First ride: N/A

- Intermediate Coaster- 50-99' / 15-30m at highest point of track, or featuring an equally-sized drop

First ride: N/A

- Kilo-Coaster- 100-199' / 30-61m at highest point of track, or featuring an equally-sized drop

First ride: N/A

- Hyper-Coaster- See Mega-Coaster

- Mega-Coaster- 200-299' / 61-91m at highest point of track, or featuring an equally-sized drop. Also known as Hyper-Coaster and Speed-Coaster

First ride: Magnum XL-200, Cedar Point; 1989

- Speed-Coaster- See Mega-Coaster

- Giga-Coaster- 300-399' / 91-122m at highest point of track, or featuring an equally-sized drop

First ride: Millennium Force, Cedar Point; 2000

- Strata-Coaster- See Tera-Coaster

- Tera-Coaster- 400-499' / 122-152m at highest point of track, or featuring an equally-sized drop

First ride: Top Thrill Dragster, Cedar Point; 2003

- Peta-Coaster- 500-599' / 152-183m at highest point of track, or featuring an equally-sized drop

First ride: TBA

- Exa-Coaster- 600-699' / 183-213m at highest point of track, or featuring an equally-sized drop

First ride: TBA

Coaster Type Definitions -

- Bobsled- Coaster with trains riding free of rails on a half-circular bobsled-like track

First ride: Flying Turns, ?; 19??

- Crazy Mouse- See Wild Mouse

- Cyclone- Coaster with a multi-Out & Back layout modeled after that of the Coney Island Cyclone

First ride: Coney Island Cyclone, Astroland; 1927

- Double Out & Back- Coaster with a layout which travels to the farthest point, returns, travels to the farthest point once more and then returns

First ride: N/A

- Figure-Eight- Layout shaped like the number 8

First ride: N/A

- Figure-L- Layout shaped like the letter L

First ride: N/A

- Freefall- See Reverse Freefall

- Gully- See Terrain

- Inverted- Coaster with trains riding below the track, typically featuring open Floorless trains

First ride: Batman: the Ride, Six Flags Great America; 1992

- Mine Train- Themed Family coaster with a traditional mining theme

First ride: N/A

- Out & Back- Coaster with a simple layout which travels to the farthest point once before returning

First ride: L.A. Thompson Switchback Railway, Coney Island; 1884

- Ravine- See Terrain

- Reverse-Freefall- Non-looping Shuttle coaster

First ride: Superman: the Escape, Six Flags Magic Mountain; 1997

- Shuttle- Coaster which travels to the end of a non-continuous track circuit before reversing and traveling in reverse

First ride: Greased Lightnin', Paramount's Great America / King Cobra, Paramount's Kings Dominion / White Lightnin', Paramount's Carowinds; 1977

- Side-Friction- See Side-Friction Track

- Suspended- Riders travel beneath the track in free-swinging cars on a non-looping course

First ride: Bisby's Spiral Airship, Queens Park; 1902

- Switchback- Circa-1900 wooden coaster in which cars would begin at the highest point and coast to the base of the layout where they would be winched up to the top point of a parelell track and released

First ride: L.A. Thompson Switchback Railway, Coney Island; 1884

- Terrain- Coaster with a layout designed into natural land features and topography

First ride: Scenic Railway, Mauch Chunk, PA; 1828

- Triple Out & Back- Coaster with a layout which travels to the farthest point and returns three times

First ride: Coney Island Cyclone, Astroland; 1927

- Twister- Coaster with a consistantly twisting, interlocking course

First ride: N/A

- Vertical- Coaster featuring atleast one vertical or near-vertical drop

First ride: Superman: the Escape, Six Flags Magic Mountain; 1997

- Wild Mouse- Variation to the traditional coaster using single cars running along a course featuring a succession of hairpin turns

First ride: N/A

Flat Ride Type Definitions -

- Aviator (Chance)- Two-seater gliders are raised into the air to spin around a central tower

First ride: N/A

- Chaos (Chance)- A ring of two-seater cars free to flip vertically rotates first horizontal, then into a vertical position

First ride: N/A

- Enterprise- Cars attached to a wheel that spins horizontally, and tilts to a vertical position

First ride: N/A

- Fly-Away (Zamperla)- Enterprise with riders laying in a 'flying' position

First ride: N/A

- Flying Scooters- Chain-suspended cars which are rotated as riders maneuver cars with a rudder

First ride: N/A

- Rotor- Non-tilting Round-Up-type ride with a floor that descends away from passengers' feet during the ride

First ride: N/A

- Round-Up- Ride which rotates and tilts while forces pin standing riders to the wall of the ride

First ride: N/A

- Scrambler- Cars that rotate horizontally on two axes

First ride: N/A

- Top Spin (Huss)- Two rows of riders attached to an arm at each end are spun in two vertical axes of complete rotations

First ride: N/A

- Troika (Huss)- Ride with three spinning rings of cars attached to arms that raise

First ride: N/A

Vertical Ride Type Definitions -

- First-Generation Freefall (Intamin AG)- Circa-1980s freefall ride which hoists a vehicle up inside of a tower and then releases it down on an L-shaped track

First ride: N/A

- Freefall Tower- Any vertical non-coaster ride sending riders falling freely down the side of a tower

First ride: N/A

- Frisbee (Huss)- A ring of riders attached to an arm and four support towers swings vertically while the ring spins in complete rotations

First ride: N/A

- Giant Drop (Intamin AG)- Tower with multiple vehicles riding on individual vertical tracks surrounding the tower

First ride: Hellevator, Six Flags Kentucky Kingdom; 1995

- Gyro-Drop (Intamin AG)- Freefall tower with a circular seating ring riding around the exterior of the tower

First ride: N/A

- Skycoaster (Sky Fun 1)- Upcharge ride in which riders are strapped to the end of a cable and swing back and forth through an arch

First ride: Skycoaster, Wisconsin Dells?; 1994

- Skyscraper- Free-flipping cars attached to each end of a vertical pole which rotates from a center vertical support

First ride: N/A

- Sky Sling (S&S Power)- Sling shot attraction supported by three towers

First ride: ThrillShot, Six Flags Magic Mountain; 2001

- Sling Shot- Vehicle attached to cables running up two towers that launches vertically

First ride: N/A

- Space Shot (S&S Power)- Tower ride which begins by launching vertically

First ride: N/A

- Swinging Ship - Ship-themed ride that swings back and forth, in some cases completing 360-degree rotations

First ride: N/A

- Turbo Drop (S&S Power)- Tower which hoists riders to the top before launching downwards at faster-than-gravity speeds

First ride: N/A

Water Ride Type Definitions -

- Log Flume- Ride with a narrow flume and small boats usually themed as logs

First ride: N/A

- Shoot-the-Chutes- See Splashdown

- Spillwater- See Splashdown

- Splashdown- Water ride with a simple layout featuring a large splashdown

First ride: N/A

- White Water Rapids- Turbulent river ride with currents driving a circular raft

First ride: N/A

Seating Type Definitions -

- Floorless- Coaster with no floor to the trains, typically with the track below riders

First ride: Medusa, Six Flags Great Adventure; 1999

- Flying- See Lay-Down

- Fourth-Dimension- Coaster with cars riding on either side of the track and rotating vertically throughout the ride

First ride: X, Six Flags Magic Mountain; 2001

- Lay-Down- Coaster with passengers riding prone to the track. See also Flying

First ride: Sky Trak, Granada Studios; 1999

- Prone- See Lay-Down or Flying

- Raised- Coaster with seats raised so that riders' feet dangle over the train's floor

First ride: Apollo's Chariot, Busch Gardens Williamsburg; 1999

- Sit-Down- Typical coaster train design in which riders sit down throughout the ride

First ride: N/A

- Stand-Up- Coaster on which riders stand on a floor perpendicular to the track

First ride: ExtremeRoller, Worlds of Fun; 1976

Production Models / 'Cookie-Cutter' Designs -

- Astro Comet (Togo Inc)- Stand-up, double-out & back, single-loop coaster with a double helix

First ride: King Cobra, Paramount's Kings Island; 1984

- Boomerang (Vekoma Inc)- Shuttle-Looping three-inversion coaster riding above the track. See also Invertigo (Vekoma Inc)

First ride: Boomerang, Six Flags Mexico; 1982

- Dive Machine (Bolliger and Mabillard)- Version of the Vertical coaster with a short circular layout and near-vertical drop

First ride: Oblivion, Alton Towers; 1998

- Flying Dutchman (Vekoma Inc)- Flying coaster with non-inverted lift-hill followed by inverted and non-inverted sections of track

First ride: Stealth, Paramount's Great America; 2000

- Giant Inverted Boomerang- See Super Invertigo (Vekoma Inc)

- Giant Impulse Coaster (Intamin AG)- Launched inverted Shuttle coaster featuring U-shaped vertical course topping out at over 20 stories.

First ride: Wicked Twister, Cedar Point; 2002

- Impulse Coaster (Intamin AG)- Launched inverted Shuttle coaster featuring U-shaped vertical course. See also Giant Impulse Coaster (Intamin AG)

First ride: Linear Gale, Korakuen Park; 1999

- Inverted Boomerang- See Invertigo (Vekoma Inc)

- Invertigo (Vekoma Inc.)- 3-inversion inverted Shuttle-Looping coaster featuring Face-Off seating. See also Super Invertigo (Vekoma Inc)

First ride: HangOver, Liseberg Park; 1996

- Mad Cobra (Premier Rides)- Tightly-twisting, compact multi-inversion Linear Induction Motor Launched steel coaster

First ride: Flight of Fear, Paramount's Kings Dominion / Kings Island; 1996

- Rocket Coaster (Intamin AG)- Steel coaster powered by a pneumatic launch and usually featuring a vertical non-inverting top hat

First ride: Xcelerator, Knott's Berry Farm; 2002

- Roller Skater (Vekoma Inc.)- Junior Coaster featuring compact layout

First ride: Achterbahn, Rasti Land; 1989

- Space Diving Coaster (Intamin AG)- Compact coaster featuring a succession of tight, steep drops

First ride: Flashback, Six Flags Magic Mountain; 1985

- Super Impulse (Intamin AG)- See Giant Impulse (Intamin AG)

- Super Invertigo (Vekoma Inc)- 3-inversion inverted Shuttle-Looping coaster also featuring two vertical track sections

First ride: Deja Vu, Six Flags Great America / Magic Mountain / over Georgia; 2001

- Suspended Looping Coaster (Vekoma Inc)- Compact multi-inversion Inverted coaster

First ride: El Condor, Six Flags Holland; 1994

- Thrust Air 2000 (S&S Power)- Compressed-Air Launched steel coaster featuring vertical ascent and descent

First ride: HyperSonic XLC: Xtreme Launch Coaster, Paramount's Kings Dominion; 2001

G-Force Definitions -

- Airtime- See Negitive G

- Lateral G [Gravitational-Force]- Positive G pressing riders to the side

- Negative G [Gravitational-Force]- Force resulting in weightlessness

- Positive G [Gravitational-Force]- Force pressing riders downwards

Braking Definitions -

- Air Brake- See Pneumatic Brake

- Block Brake- Straight, level mid-course brake section dividing the layout into safety Zones

First ride: N/A

- Brake Run- The final braking section that preceeds before the station

First ride: N/A

- Linear Induction Motor [LIM] Brakes- See Magnetic Brakes

- Magnetic Brake- Strips of magnetics repell fins attached to the vehicle for a smooth stop

First ride: Space Mountain, Disney's Magic Kingdom; 1975

- Pneumatic Brake- Brake utilizing compressed air to pressure the train to a stop

First ride: N/A

- Skid Brake- Brake consisting of a braking arm which rises up below the train cars to pressure the train to a stop

First ride: N/A

- Trim Brake- Short set of brakes used to moderate or "trim" off speed during the course of the ride

First ride: N/A

Propulsion Definitions -

- Cable Lift- Lift-hill using a cable to tow the coaster train to the highest point

First ride: Millennium Force, Cedar Point; 2000

- Chain-Lift- Traditional lifting method using a rotating chain attaching to a chain dog to tow the coaster train to the highest point

First ride: N/A

- Compressed Air Launch- See Pneumatic Launch

- Elevator Cable Lift- See Cable Lift

- Elevator Lift- Lift in which a section of track is lifted to the top point of the ride and the car released

First ride: N/A

- Hydraulic Launch- Launch using the power of hydraulics to blast the train off

First ride: Xcelerator, Knott's Berry Farm; 2002

- Linear Induction Motor [LIM] Launch- Launch system using magnetic force and electric current to achieve the ride's top speed

First ride: Flight of Fear, Paramount's Kings Dominion / Kings Island; 1996

- Linear Syncronist Motor [LSM] Launch- Launch using a succession of rare earth magnet 'staters' to attract and repell the train and acheive maximum speeds

First ride: Superman: the Escape, Six Flags Magic Mountain; 1997

- Pneumatic Launch- Launch using the power of compressed air to blast the train off

First ride: HyperSonic XLC: Xtreme Launch Coaster, Paramount's Kings Dominion; 2001

- Spiral Lift- Lift hill curved into 360-degree upwards turns

First ride: Big Bend, Six Flags over Texas; 1971

- Split Lift-Hill- Chain lift which is divided into two sections by a level curve midway through

First ride: N/A

- Weight-Drop Launch- Launch acheived via the release of a weight attached to a cable that pulls the train forward

First ride: Greased Lightnin', Paramount's Great America / King Cobra, Paramount's Kings Dominion / White Lightnin', Paramount's Carowinds; 1977

- Wheel Lift / Launch- Row of wheels which push the train forward to either launch or lift

First ride: N/A

Train, Track, & Safety Definitions -

- Anti-Rollback Dog- Small componant on the bottom of a train car which moves over a ratchet section to prevent the train from rolling backwards

First ride: N/A

- Box Track- Track type using a box-shaped spine

First ride: MindBender, Six Flags over Georgia / Shockwave, Six Flags over Texas; 1978

- Butterfly Restraint- Pair of two curved restraints which pull to the middle to hold the rider in place

First ride: King Cobra, Paramount's Kings Island; 1984

- Chain Dog- Small componant on the bottom of a train car which temporarily attaches to the Lift Chain

First ride: N/A

- Double-Harness- See Butterfly Restraint

- Exterior Guide Wheel Track- Track type designed for Guide Wheels to ride on the exterior of the track.

First ride: N/A

- Flat Track- Spineless track type consisting simply of two rails connected by beams at diagonal and right-angles

First ride: N/A

- Guide Wheel- Wheel riding on the side of a track rail

First ride: N/A

- Horsecollar- See Shoulder Harness

- Individual Lap Bar- Restraining bar to keep an individual rider in place

First ride: N/A

- Interior Guide Wheel Track- Track type designed for Guide Wheels to ride on the interior of the track

First ride: N/A

- Lap Bar- See Individual Lap Bar or Single Lap Bar

- Launch Dog- Small componant attached to the launch mechanism which temporarily attaches to the bottom of the train during the launch

First ride: N/A

- Launch Sled- Flat, square platform attached to the launch mechanism which temporarily attaches to the bottom of the train during the launch

First ride: N/A

- Over-the-Shoulder Restraint- Typical U-shaped restraint which pulls downwards to hold an individual rider in place

First ride: Roaring Twenties Corkscrew, Knott's Berry Farm; 1975

- Road Wheel- The vital wheels which ride on top of the track rails.

First ride: N/A

- Shoulder Harness - See over-the-shoulder restraint

- Side-Friction Track- Simplistic track in which no Upstop Wheels are used

First ride: L.A. Thompson Switchback Railway, Coney Island; 1884

- Side Harness- See Butterfly Restraint

- Single Lap Bar- Restraining bar which covers an entire row of riders

First ride: N/A

- Single-Rail Track- Track utilizing one rail to carry along a car versus the traditional two-rail configuration

First ride: Steeplechase, Coney Island; 19??

- Skeleton Track- Box Track-like track type which uses a typically square-shaped skeletal framework as the track spine

First ride: MindBender, Six Flags over Georgia / Shockwave, Six Flags over Texas; 1978

- Spine Track- Track type using one and, in some cases, two wide rails for the track spine

First ride: Roaring Twenties Corkscrew, Knott's Berry Farm; 1975

- Storage Track- Track section seperate from the main track circuit used to store or repair a train

First ride: Roaring Twenties Corkscrew, Knott's Berry Farm; 1975

- Transfer Track- Track section used to shift a train from the track circuit to a Storage Track

First ride: Roaring Twenties Corkscrew, Knott's Berry Farm; 1975

- Triangle Track- Track type using a triangular-shaped spine

First ride: Volcano: the Blast Coaster, Paramount's Kings Dominion; 1998

- Upstop Wheel- A wheel riding on the bottom of a track rail

First ride: N/A

- Zone- Section of a coaster layout between two block-braking areas

First ride: N/A

Other Definitions -

- Bent- Section for a wooden coaster which is attached to similar sections to form a support structure

First ride: N/A

- Holding Brake- Brake used to hold trains in place for before a plunge

First ride: Oblivion, Alton Towers; 1998

- Media Day- Form of Soft Opening in which a new attraction is introduced to members of the media for publicity purposes

- Soft Opening- Opening of ride which occurs before and is less publicized than the grand opening

- Split Station- Double parelell ride loading stations used to raise capacity

First ride: N/A

- Stacking- Term used for the event of one or more train / car on a ride having to sit at the end of a safety zone for a period of time due to inefficient ride operation

First ride: N/A

Ride Companies -

- Arrow Dynamics [formerly Arrow Development]-

First ride: Matterhorn Bobsleds, Disneyland; 1959

- Bolliger and Mabillard (B&M)-

First ride: Iron Wolf, Six Flags Great America; 1990

- Chance-Morgan [merged Chance Rides / Morgan Manufacturing]-

First ride: West Coaster, Santa Monica Pier / Wild Thing, Valleyfair; 1996

- CoasterWorks-

First ride: Thunder Eagle, Race World; 2000

- Custom Coasters Inc. (CCI) [now part of S&S Power]-

First ride: Sky Princess, Dutch Wonderland; 1992

- Giovanola-

First ride: Vertigorama, Parque de la Ciudad; 1983

- Great Coasters International (GCI)-

First ride: Wildcat, Hersheypark; 1996

- Intamin AG-

First ride: Junior Gemini, Cedar Point; 1979

- Mack-

First ride: Broadway Trip, Fun Forest Park; 1962

- Maurer Sohne-

First ride: Kopermijn, Drievliet Family Park; 1996

- Premier Rides-

First ride: Flight of Fear, Paramount Parks / High Roller, Stratosphere Tower / Runaway Mountain, Six Flags over Texas; 1996

- S&S Power-

First ride: HyperSonic XLC, Paramount's Kings Dominion; 2001

- Setpoint-

First ride: Pteranodon Flyers, Islands of Adventure; 1999

- Togo International-

First ride: Roller Coaster, Hanayashiki Amusement Park; 1953

- Vekoma Inc.-

First ride: Boomerang, Six Flags Mexico; 1982

- Zamperla-

First ride: Roller Coaster, Santa's Village; 1984

Track Element Definitions -

- Avalanche- See Rollover Loop

- Banked Curve- Curve tilted at or below 90 degrees

First ride: N/A

- Barrel Roll- See Heartline Roll

- Batwing- See Boomerang or Cobra Roll

- Boomerang- Double inversion which flips over a 90-degree Diving Loop followed by the same maneuver in reverse to reverse the course 180-degrees

First ride: Orient Express, Worlds of Fun; 1980

- Bowtie- Double inversion consisting of a 90-degree Diving Loop followed by a 90-degree Sidewinder

First ride: Dragon Mountain, Marineland; 1983

- Butterfly Curve- Figure-eight like maneuver composed of two consecutive 325-degree spirals in opposing directions

First ride: Anaconda, Paramount's Kings Dominion; 1991

- Butterfly Loop- Tightly-twisting double inversion composed of two 360-degree elements; one reversing the heading by 45 degrees in one direction, the second 45 degrees in the other

First ride: Gourdrix, Parc Asterix / Ninja, Six Flags over Georgia; 1989

- Camelback Hump- Large-sized, straight hill designed to provide Negitive G's

First ride: N/A

- Carousel Curve- Banked Curve of 270 degrees

First ride: N/A

- Cobra Loop- Cross between a Sidewinder and Vertical Loop which consists of a Half-Loop into a 135-degree element back to the ground.

First ride: Storm Runner, Hersheypark; 2004

- Cobra Roll- Double inversion consisting of an upwards 90-degree Sidewinder followed by the same inversion in reverse to result in a 180-degree direction change

First ride: Boomerang, Six Flags Mexico; 1982

- Corkscrew- Single inversion streached out widthwise

First ride: Roaring Twenties Corkscrew, Knott's Berry Farm; 1975

- Corkscrew Hill- See Non-Inverting Corkscrew

- Cutback- 180-degree course-reversing inversion which is composed of two half Corkscrew maneuvers, both heading in the same direction

First ride: Drachen Fire, Busch Gardens Williamsburg; 1992

- Dive Loop- Inversion consisting of a 45- 90-degree twist or half-Corkscrew followed by a downwards Half-Loop

First ride: Ninja, Six Flags over Georgia; 1989

- Diving Loop- See Dive Loop

- Diving Turn- See Flying Snake Dive

- Double Carousel Curve- See Figure Eight

- Double-Down- Hill which dips, levels in the middle, then dips once more. See also Double-Up

First ride: L.A. Thompson Scenic Railway, Coney Island; 1884

- Double Helix- Helix of two layers, or 540-899 degrees

First ride: N/A

- Double Loop- Double inversion composed of two consecutive Vertical Loops

First ride: Double Loop, Six Flags Worlds of Adventure; 1977

- Double Sidewinder- See Cobra Roll

- Double-Up- Hill which rises, levels in the middle, then rises once more. See also Double-Down

First ride: N/A

- Fan Curve- Banked Curve which rises to its top point halfway through

First ride: N/A

- Figure-Eight- Double, banked maneuver consisting of a curve ranging from 215 to 360 degrees followed by the same curve in the opposite direction

First ride: N/A

- Flat Spin- Corkscrew streached lengthwise

First ride: Batman: the Ride, Six Flags Great America; 1992

- Flat Turn- An unbanked turn

First ride: N/A

- Fly-By- Set of curves on a Dueling coaster in which the coaster's two sides come within a close proximity to each other

First ride: N/A

- Flying Snake Dive- A 180-degree horizontal roll into a downward half-corkscrew

First ride: Spiral Coaster, Al-Sha'ab Park; 1996

- Hairpin Turn- A sharp, tight-radius flat turn

First ride: N/A

- Half-Loop- Single upwards or downwards half of a Vertical Loop

First ride: X, Six Flags Magic Mountain; 2001

- Half-Roll- Single half of a Heartline Roll which twists 180 degrees

First ride: Stealth, Paramount's Great America; 2000

- Hammerhead Curve- Climbing curve which twists around an S-like curve on the way up, curves 180-degrees, then twists around the same curve on the way down

First ride: Nitro, Six Flags Great Adventure; 2001

- Heartline Roll- Element in which the track rotates around the train, leaving the train twisting in a straight line around the line of riders' hearts

First ride: N/A

- Heart Loop- See Rollover Loop

- Helix- Banked curve of 360 degrees or beyond

First ride: N/A

- Horseshoe Curve- See Overbanked Curve

- Immelman- An inversion that consists first of an upwards Half-Loop followed by a 180-degree twist making for a 180-degree course reversal

First ride: Montu, Busch Gardens Tampa Bay; 1996

- Immelman Curve- See Vertical Hairpin

- Inclined Loop- Vertical Loop angled to the side at just under 45 degrees

First ride: Mantis, Cedar Point; 1996 \

- Inclined Roll- 360-degree roll angled at 45 vertical degrees

First ride: V2: Vertical Velocity, Six Flags Marine World; 2002

- Inversion- Any track element which rotates the track upside-down 180 degrees and then rotates the track a second 180 degrees to the uninverted position

First ride: N/A

- In-Line Twist- A roll with the opposite configuration of the Heartline Roll; while the track twists in a straight line, the train performs the roll on the exterior of the twist

First ride: N/A

- Interlocking Corkscrews- Pair of Corkscrews which interlock with each other

First ride: Kumba, Busch Gardens Tampa Bay; 1993

- Interlocking Loops- Pair of Vertical Loops which interlock at right angles

First ride: Loch Ness Monster, Busch Gardens Williamsburg; 1978

- Kamikaze Curve- See Boomerang

- Loop- See Vertical Loop

- Non-Inverting Corkscrew Hill- Hill which consists of an upwards 90-degree curve followed by a downwards 90-degree curve in the opposite direction

First ride: Superman: Ride of Steel, Six Flags Darien Lake; 1999

- Non-Inverting Top Hat- Hill which consists of an upwards 90-degree vertical curve followed by a downwards vertical 90-degree curve in the same direction

First ride: Xcelerator, Knott's Berry Farm; 2002

- Overbanked Curve- An inwards Banked Curve banked past 90 degrees

First ride: Bat, Paramount's Kings Island; 1981

- Pretzel Knot- Boomerang with the two inversions crossed over each other

First ride: Moonsault Scramble, Fujikyu Highlands; 1983

- Pretzel Loop- An inversion which climbs and dives downwards 360 degrees inverting at the bottom

First ride: Superman: Ultimate Flight, Six Flags over Georgia; 2002

- Rabbit Hop- Small hill designed to produce Negitive G's

First ride: N/A

- Raven Turn- See Half-Loop

- Reverse Sidewinder- See Diving Loop

- Reverse Rollover- Double inversion which is composed of a Half Roll, a downwards Half-Loop, then the same two elements taken from the bottom back up

First ride: Pipeline (Prototype), Arrow Dynamics grounds; 1990

- Rollover Loop- Double inversion which is composed of an upwards Half-Loop, a Half-Roll then the same two elements taken from the top back down

First ride: El Condor, Six Flags Holland; 1994

- Sea Serpent- Double inversion consisting of an upwards Half Loop followed by a half of a Corkscrew followed by the same two elements in reverse order back down, resulting in no change of direction

First ride: Medusa, Six Flags Marine World; 2000

- Sidewinder- An upwards 90-degee inversion which is composed of an upwards Half Loop followed by a half Corkscrew

First ride: Dragon, Ocean Park; 1984

- Sky Loop- See Half Loop

- Spin 'N' Dive- Diving inversion featuring a half Heartline Roll followed by a downwards Half Loop

First ride: Manhattan Express, New York, New York Hotel & Casino; 1997

- S-Turn- Simple element consisting of a 45-degree curve in one direction followed by a second 45-degree curve in the opposite direction

First ride: N/A

- Tilt Track- Section of track which connects a flat track section and a 90-degree drop by braking the train and tilting forward

First ride: Gravity Max, Discovery World; 2002

- Top Hat- An inversion which travels upwards vertically, twists 90 degrees, enters a 180-degree Half-Loop and the same elements back down for a 180-degree course reversal

First ride: Batman & Robin: the Chiller, Six Flags Great Adventure; 1997

- Trick Track- Section of track which banks in a succession of opposing directions

First ride: Crystal Beach Cyclone, Crystal Beach; 1926

- Vertical Hairpin- A tight, non-banked U-turn positioned vertically. The track first travels up a 90-degree transition from horizontal to vertical, makes the 180-degree turn, then completes a pull-out back to horizontal

First ride: N/A

- Vertical Loop- Classic single inversion which rotates 360 degrees vertically

First ride: N/A

- Wraparound Corkscrew- An inversion which begins as a Corkscrew and transforms into a 180-degree downwards curve

First ride: Drachen Fire, Busch Gardens Williamsburg; 1992

- Wraparound Loop- An inversion which consists first of a 180-degree Immelman tilted 45 degrees to the side and then transforms into a 360-degree downwards Helix

First ride: Dueling Dragons (Fire), Islands of Adventure; 1999

- Zero-G Roll- 360-degree twist which begins from the ground and gradually twists to the top point then repetes the maneuver back down

First ride: Kumba, Busch Gardens Tampa Bay; 1993

Acronym Listing
- AA- Atlantis Adventure
- AC- Apollo's Chariot
- AIR- Aerial Inversion Ride
- AT- Alton Towers
- B&M- Bolliger and Mabillard
- B&R:tC- Batman & Robin: the Chiller
- BA- BORG Assimilator
- BBW- Big Bad Wolf
- BCMOTP- Big Chief Mount Olympus Theme Park
- BD- Boulder Dash or Big Dipper
- BGT- Busch Gardens Tampa
- BGW- Busch Gardens Williamsburg
- BKF- Batman Knight Flight
- BLTT- Blackbeard's Lost Treasure Train
- BPPB- Blackpool Pleasure Beach
- BS- Blue Streak or Big Shot
- B:tDK- Batman: the Dark Knight
- B:tE- Batman: the Escape
- B:tP- Batman: the Pursuit
- B:tR- Batman: the Ride
- BTMR- Big Thunder Mountain Railroad
- BW- Batwing
- CB- Cannon Ball or Canyon Blaster
- CC- Celebration City or Cheetah Chase
- CCI- Custom Coasters International
- CG- Cypress Gardens
- CM- Crazy Mouse
- CP- Cedar Point
- CBR- Cannonball Run
- DCA- Disney's California Adventure
- DD- Dueling Dragons
- DDD- Dare Devil Dive
- DF- Drachen Fire [defunct]
- DGAP- DelGrosso's Amusement Park
- DJV- Deja Vu
- DL- Disney Land
- DLP- Disney Land Paris
- DMP- Drayton Manor Park
- DP- Dorney Park
- DW- DollyWood or Disney World
- DWL- Dutch Wonderland
- DZ- Drop Zone
- EE- Expedition Everest
- EFP- Escape from Pompeii
- EGF- Expedition Ge-Force
- ERT- Exclusive Ride Time
- FB- Flashback
- FC- Flying Coaster
- FE- Fiesta Express or Figure Eight
- FFDDD- Fearless Freep's Dare Devil Dive
- FoF- Flight of Fear
- FO- Face/Off
- GASM- Great American Scream Machine
- GB- Great Bear
- GC- Georgia Cyclone
- GD- Giant Dipper
- GE- Great Escape
- GL- Greased Lightning or Greezed Lightnin' or Geauga Lake
- GM- Gravity Max
- GR- GhostRider
- GS- Georgia Scorcher
- GW- Great White
- GWP- Gillian's Wonderland Pier
- HP- Half Pipe
- HR- High Roller
- HS:XLC- HyperSonic XLC: Xtreme Launch Coaster
- IHC- Incredible Hulk Coaster
- IJ:ST- Italian Job Stunt Track
- IoA- Islands of Adventure
- JJ- Joker's Jinx
- JO- Jubilee Odyssey
- JR- Jack Rabbit or Joker's Revenge
- JtA- Journey to Atlantis
- KC- King Cobra or Krypton Comet
- KK- King Kobra
- KW- Kennywood
- LCoSM- Lost Coaster of Superstition Mountain
- LR- Lightning Racer
- LtD- Leap the Dips
- ME- Manhattan Express or Mind Eraser
- MF- Millennium Force
- MIA- Michigan's Adventure
- MR- Montezooma's Revenge
- MrF- Mr. Freeze
- MS- Mean Streak
- MXL-200- Magnum XL-200
- NI- Nemesis Inferno
- NMR- New Mexico Rattler
- O&B- Out & back
- OL:FoF- Outer Limits: Flight of Fear [now Flight of Fear]
- OTSR- Over-the-Shoulder Restraint
- OW- Ozark Wildcat
- PBR- Penguin's Blizzard River
- PC- Paramount's Carowinds
- PCW- Paramount's Canada's Wonderland
- PGA- Paramount's Great America
- PKD- Paramount's Kings Dominion
- PKI- Paramount's Kings Island
- PMBO- Pepsi Max Big One
- PP- Perilous Plunge
- PR- Phantom's Revenge or Premier Rides
- PT- Power Tower
- RB- Raging Bull
- RnRC- Rock 'N' Roller Coaster
- RotM- Revenge of the Mummy
- RRR- Rugrats Runaway Reptar
- RRv- Riddler's Revenge
- RS- Roller Soaker
- RWB- Raging Wolf Bobs
- SB- Silver Bullet
- SBNO- Standing But Not Operating
- SBW- Spinball Whizzer
- SD- Spinning Dragons
- SD&tHC- Scooby-Doo & the Haunted Castle
- SD&tHM- Scooby-Doo & the Haunted Mansion
- SD2K- Steel Dragon 2000
- SDC- Silver Dollar City
- SF- Six Flags or Steel Force
- SFA- Six Flags America
- SFAW- Six Flags AstroWorld
- SFB- Six Flags Belgium
- SFDL- Six Flags Darien Lake
- SFEG- Six Flags Elitch Gardens
- SFFT- Six Flags Fiesta Texas
- SFGAm- Six Flags Great America
- SFGAd- Six Flags Great Adventure
- SFH- Six Flags Holland
- SFKK- Six Flags Kentucky Kingdom
- SFM- Six Flags Mexico
- SFMM- Six Flags Magic Mountain
- SFMW- Six Flags Marine World
- SFNE- Six Flags New England
- SFNO- Six Flags New Orleans
- SFoG- Six Flags over Georgia
- SFoT- Six Flags over Texas
- SFSL- Six Flags St. Louis
- SFWoA- Six Flags Worlds of Adventure
- SKC- Superman Krypton Coaster
- SLF- Shenandoah Log Flume
- SM- Space Mountain
- SoB- Son of Beast
- S:RoS- Superman: Ride of Steel
- SS- Silver Star
- SSO- Supersonic Odyssey
- ST- Shivering Timbers
- S:tE- Superman: the Escape
- S:tR- Speed: the Ride or Superman: the Ride
- S:ToP- Superman: Tower of Power
- S:UE- Superman: Ultimate Escape
- S:UF- Superman: Ultimate Flight
- SV- Steel Venom
- SW- ShockWave
- TA2K- Thrust Air 2000
- TD- Thunder Dolphin
- TE- ThunderEagle
- TG- Texas Giant or Top Gun
- TG:tJC- Top Gun: the Jet Coaster
- TH- ThunderHawk or TimberHawk or Thunderhead
- ToT- Tower of Terror
- TR- Trip Report
- TR:TR- Tomb Raider: the Ride
- TSC- Typhoon SeaCoaster
- TT- Timberland Twister
- TTD- Top Thrill Dragster
- V2:VV- V2: Vertical Velocity
- V:tBC- Volcano: the Blast Coaster
- WA- Wild Adventures
- WBMWA- Warner Bros. Movie World Australia
- WBMWG- Warner Bros. Movie World Germany
- WBMWS- Warner Bros. Movie World Spain
- WDW- Walt Disney World
- WF- WildFire
- WM- Wild Mouse or Wild Maus
- WoF- Worlds of Fun
- WT- Wicked Twister or Wild Thing
- WW- Whirlwind
- WWC- White Water Canyon
- WWW- Wild Wild West
- XF- X-Flight